The hemoglobin test is done as a part of a complete blood count. It is done in case of signs and symptoms of anemia, polycythemia, and dehydration. It is done at regular intervals to monitor the ongoing response to the treatment. Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) helps to detect the presence of inflammation in the body. Inflammation can be caused by infections, tumors, or autoimmune diseases. ESR helps to diagnose and monitor conditions such as polymyalgia rheumatica, temporal arteritis, systemic vasculitis, or rheumatoid arthritis. The hemoglobin test is done: • To evaluate the hemoglobin content in the blood • As a part of routine health check-up • To screen and diagnose conditions that affect red blood cells. • To assess the severity of anemia or polycythemia • To monitor the ongoing treatment for anemia or polycythemia   The ESR test is done: • In case of a condition causing inflammation • In case of signs and symptoms of diseases such as temporal arteritis, polymyalgia rheumatica, systemic vasculitis • In case of signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis such as neck or shoulder pain, pelvic pain, headaches, poor appetite, anemia, unexplained weight loss, and joint stiffness